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Sepanjang tahun lepas aktiviti kami disini macam biasa aje tetapi pada bulan Disember, saya telah dihantar oleh Jabatan Pertanian Putrajaya untuk menghadiri satu bengkel bertajuk " ASEAN-China Workshop on Technology Development of Medicinal Mushroom" di Yogjakarta Indonesia selama seminggu.

Delegasi Malaysia - Cik Hartini DOA dan Nabil

Bergambar bersama delegasi ASEAN dan pakar dari negara China. Hanya negara Brunei dan Singapura sahaja yang tidak hadir.

Beberapa kertas kerja telah dibentangkan oleh pakar-pakar dari negara China.

1. Overview: The Pharmacological Effects and Therapeutic Applications of Medicinal Mushroom. Oleh Prof Zhi-Bin Lin
2. Cultivation and Post Harvest Technology for Medicinal Mushroom. Oleh Prof Chen mingjie
3. Extraction and Purification and Characterization of active Substance From Medicinal Mushroom. Oleh Prof Tang Qingjui

Esoknya, kami dibawa ke Fakulti Sains Universitas Gadjah Mada untuk mendengar dua lagi kuliah dan seterusnya menjalan aktiviti praktikal makmal.

1. Optimization in Ganoderma Extraction Using SLD. Oleh Prof Triana Hertiani
2. Cytotoxic Activity of a Compound In Human Cancer Cell Lines. Oleh Eti Nurwening Sholikhah

Kami diberi tugasan berikut untuk praktikal makmal:

Laboratory-work Guidance

Optimization of Ganoderma lucidum basidiocarps extraction

1. Sample preparation

Fresh samples were thinly sliced and dried in an oven at 50°C. Dried samples were ground to obtain samples in powder form.

2. Extraction
1. Solvent used: water 100%, water-ethanol (1:1) and ethanol 100%.
2. Extraction method: Maceration (55°C, 15’)
3. Extracts obtained were subjected to freeze dryer/rotary evaporator to eliminate the solvents
3. Chemical analyses
1. Total phenols (Taga et al., 1984 in Mau et al., 2002):

Extract (20 mg) was dissolved in a solution of 5 mL of 1,3% HCl in methanol/deionized water (60:40, v/v), and the resulting mixture (100 µL) was added to 2 mL of 2% aqueous sodium carbonate colution. After 3 min, 100 µL of 50% Folin-Ciocalteau ragent was added to the mixture. After 30 min of standing, absorbance was measured at 750 nm. The content of total phenols was calculated on the basis of the calibration curve of gallic acid.

2. Total triterpenoids (Xiang, 2001 in Chen 2007)

Standard used: saponin

The extracts were dissolved in ethanol to obtain sample solution. The solution in amount of 0.2 mL was put into a tube, where 0.2 mL new mixed 5% (w/v) vanillin-acetic acid solution and 1,2 mL perchloric acid were added, mixed and incubated at 70°C for 15 min. The tube were taken out and cooled in running water for 2 min. Then ethyl acetate was added in order to make the total volume being 5 mL. After being cooled to room temperature, with a blank solution as reference, the absorbance was scanned using a Double beam UV/Vis spectrophotometer in the range of 200-700 nm. Scanning results showed that the maximum adsorption was at 550 nm, so the absorbance A at Vis 550 nm was determined with a glass cell of 1 cm

3. TLC profiling

Stationary phase: silica gel F254

Mobile phase: chloroform-methanol-water (30:4:1) or methylbenzene-ethyl acetate-acetic acid (12:4:0.5)

Detection:

UV 254 nm; UV 366 nm; 10% sulfuric acid in ethanol; FeCl₃

4. Data Analyses by using Simplex Lattice Design Method

Y = a(A) + b(B) + ab (A)(B)

Where Y = Response; A = solvent A composition in mixture; B = solvent B, a = solvent A coefficient, b = solvent B coefficient, ab = coeficient of solvent mixture A and B (A+B = 1). Optimum composition of the solvent mixture is counted based on R_total (R = response).

R_total = R₁ + R₂ + R_n

R₁ = N₁r₁ ; r₁ +r₂+r_n = 1

N = (X-X_min) / (X_max-X_min)

Mendengar taklimat sebelum praktikal dijalankan.

Ekstraksi ganoderma sedang dijalankan menggunakan air dan ethanol dengan kepekatan yang berbeza.

Teropong anak bulan ke bang?

Yang diteropong tadi adalah ini - sel kanser payu dara

Ini sel kanser tekak.

Mencampur ekstrak ganoderma dengan larutan media DMSO dan memecahkannya kepada 6 kepekatan berbeza.

Media DMSO tadi dipindah ke tray yang berisi sel kanser

Mesin ELISA digunakan untuk membaca kadar aktiviti ekstrak ganoderma keatas sel kanser

Pengiraan, penilaian dan perbincangan dari hasil yang diperolehi

Sehari suntuk buat kerja makmal memang meletihkan tapi menyeronokkan. Keesokan hari tiap-tiap negara dikehendaki membentangkan laporan mengenai indusri cendawan dinegara masing-masing.

Nabil diberi kepercayaan untuk membentangkan laporan industri cendawan Malaysia

Persidangan meja bulat untuk membincangkan hala tuju industri cendawan dan ruang kerjasama antara negara ASEAN

Kami juga dibawa melawat kebeberapa perusahaan cendawan dan tempat-tempat pelancongan disekitar Yogjakarta.

Nabil, Hartini dan Dr Ira di Candi Prambanan - candi untuk penganut Hindu

Delegasi di Candi Borobudur - candi untuk penganut Buddha

Malam terakhir kami disajikan dengan persembahan tarian epik Ramayana. Memang mengasyikkan dan barulah faham kisah cinta Ramayana.