Saturday, May 29, 2010
Biochar
Sunday, May 23, 2010
Kursus Cendawan Anjuran ASEAN-JAPAN
Inovasi Produk Dari Cendawan
Masalah biasanya berlaku apabila penanam baru tidak membuat kajian pasaran dan tidak bertanya kepada penanam sediada tentang keadaan pasaran terutama harga penjualan.
Bila beg cendawan mula mengeluarkan hasil, penanam baru ini, secara sengaja atau tidak, selalunya mengganggu harga semasa.
Walaupun kesannya bersifat sementara sahaja tetapi keadaan ini merimaskan ramai penanam. Oleh itu jalan keluar yang paling mudah ialah dengan menukar cendawan kepada produk hiliran seperti yang dilakukan oleh beberapa penanam terkenal.
Nas Agro sedang mengadakan kerjasama tidak formal dengan Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) untuk mencipta beberapa produk berasaskan cendawan.
Produknya..mee yang dibuat daripada cendawan.
Kumpulan kedua
Produknya..serbuk cendawan dan dibentuk menjadi keropok lekor cendawan
Kumpulan ketiga; satu-satunya kumpulan lelaki dari tujuh kumpulan yang bertanding
Produknya...kerepek cendawan
Daripada tujuh kumpulan yang bertanding, tempat kedua dan ketiga jatuh kepada produk dari cendawan. Yang mana satu??...lu pikir la sendiri...
Burger cendawan yang dicipta oleh sifu pelajar-pelajar tadi..Prof Salmah...tidak masuk pertandingan.
Masih banyak perkara harus dilakukan sebelum produk-produk ini boleh dikomersialkan. Nas Agro berharap penanam-penanam yang lain juga bergerak mempelbagaikan produk dari cendawan. Hanya dengan cara ini diharapkan industri cendawan negara akan berkembang maju dan mencapai sasaran kerajaan iaitu pengeluaran cendawan dalam negara berjumlah RM500 juta menjelang 2020.
Aktiviti Kursus dan Lawatan
Saturday, May 22, 2010
Lawatan Ke Projek Cendawan Di Sarawak
Hendak ke projek cendawan mesti melintasi anak sungai.
Kawasan memeram beg media.
Beg media yang lebih besar dari kebiasaan, lebih kurang 3-4 kg.
Beg yang matang dipindahkan dan disusun dalam keadaan tegak diatas tanah.
Spesis cendawan yang banyak ditanam adalah tiram biru. Warnanya cantik tapi warna birunya menjadi pudar apabila cendawan mulai membesar.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Lamanya tak update blog ini
- Overview: The Pharmacological Effects and Therapeutic Applications of Medicinal Mushroom. Oleh Prof Zhi-Bin Lin
- Cultivation and Post Harvest Technology for Medicinal Mushroom. Oleh Prof Chen mingjie
- Extraction and Purification and Characterization of active Substance From Medicinal Mushroom. Oleh Prof Tang Qingjui
- Optimization in Ganoderma Extraction Using SLD. Oleh Prof Triana Hertiani
- Cytotoxic Activity of a Compound In Human Cancer Cell Lines. Oleh Eti Nurwening Sholikhah
Laboratory-work Guidance
Optimization of Ganoderma lucidum basidiocarps extraction
- Sample preparation
Fresh samples were thinly sliced and dried in an oven at 50°C. Dried samples were ground to obtain samples in powder form.
- Extraction
- Solvent used: water 100%, water-ethanol (1:1) and ethanol 100%.
- Extraction method: Maceration (55°C, 15’)
- Extracts obtained were subjected to freeze dryer/rotary evaporator to eliminate the solvents
- Chemical analyses
- Total phenols (Taga et al., 1984 in Mau et al., 2002):
Extract (20 mg) was dissolved in a solution of 5 mL of 1,3% HCl in methanol/deionized water (60:40, v/v), and the resulting mixture (100 µL) was added to 2 mL of 2% aqueous sodium carbonate colution. After 3 min, 100 µL of 50% Folin-Ciocalteau ragent was added to the mixture. After 30 min of standing, absorbance was measured at 750 nm. The content of total phenols was calculated on the basis of the calibration curve of gallic acid.
- Total triterpenoids (Xiang, 2001 in Chen 2007)
Standard used: saponin
The extracts were dissolved in ethanol to obtain sample solution. The solution in amount of 0.2 mL was put into a tube, where 0.2 mL new mixed 5% (w/v) vanillin-acetic acid solution and 1,2 mL perchloric acid were added, mixed and incubated at 70°C for 15 min. The tube were taken out and cooled in running water for 2 min. Then ethyl acetate was added in order to make the total volume being 5 mL. After being cooled to room temperature, with a blank solution as reference, the absorbance was scanned using a Double beam UV/Vis spectrophotometer in the range of 200-700 nm. Scanning results showed that the maximum adsorption was at 550 nm, so the absorbance A at Vis 550 nm was determined with a glass cell of 1 cm
- TLC profiling
Stationary phase: silica gel F254
Mobile phase: chloroform-methanol-water (30:4:1) or methylbenzene-ethyl acetate-acetic acid (12:4:0.5)
Detection:
UV 254 nm; UV 366 nm; 10% sulfuric acid in ethanol; FeCl3
- Data Analyses by using Simplex Lattice Design Method
Y = a(A) + b(B) + ab (A)(B)
Where Y = Response; A = solvent A composition in mixture; B = solvent B, a = solvent A coefficient, b = solvent B coefficient, ab = coeficient of solvent mixture A and B (A+B = 1). Optimum composition of the solvent mixture is counted based on Rtotal (R = response).
Rtotal = R1 + R2 + Rn
R1 = N1r1 ; r1 +r2+rn = 1
N = (X-Xmin) / (Xmax-Xmin)